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- <text>
- <title>
- Politics Comes Full Circle
- </title>
- <article>
- <hdr>
- World Press Review, August 1991
- Africa: Politics Comes Full Circle
- </hdr>
- <body>
- <p>By Dan Agbese. From the newsmagazine "Newswatch" of Lagos.
- </p>
- <p>'The Trick Is To Keep Hope Burning'
- </p>
- <p> Here it comes again--the wind of change. Africa has never
- been without it. Former British Prime Minister Harold Macmillan
- saw it first in 1960. The flickering candlelight of colonialism
- was put out by that wind. It brought the scented air of
- independence and the sweet taste of freedom. Africans did not
- have to carry white men in palanquins across crocodile-infested
- waters any more.
- </p>
- <p> Changes, brought by winds or man, create their own problems.
- For Africa and the Africans, the problem was the clash between
- traditional value systems and a modern system of political
- administration. Half-tutored in both, the first generation of
- African leaders found itself thrashing desperately in
- confusion. Not too long after the wind of change swept in native
- successors to the colonists, it began to sweep them from power.
- The military had entered the stage.
- </p>
- <p> This second wind of change ended all democratic pretense.
- Civilian dictators who did not want to quit were replaced by
- military dictators, most of whom were not, and are not, in a
- hurry to give up political power. With the military, we have had
- a long line of jokers: Jean-Bedel Bokassa of the Central African
- Republic, Idi Amin of Uganda, Mobutu Sese Seko of Zaire,
- Liberian President Samuel Doe, Ethiopian President Mangistu
- Haile Mariam, and Benin's President Mathieu Kerekou.
- </p>
- <p> The third wind of change is not African but is blowing from
- Eastern Europe. It killed socialism, and all the African
- pretenders to socialism have been singing the song of the
- disappointed. It is no less an important wind than before. WIth
- it has come the demand for major political reforms: for multi-
- party democracy where once the one-party rule was dishonestly
- touted as the indigenous African form of political
- administration and for elections where, only a short time ago,
- none dared question the right to the perpetual rule of one man.
- Democracy is the buzzword. We hear it shouted from the rooftops
- in Togo, Cameroon, Benin, Ethiopia, Zaire, Ivory Coast, and
- Algeria.
- </p>
- <p> There is reason to be happy at this turn of events. Yet what
- is new? We have come full circle, multi-party to one party to no
- party (the military), back to one party (with military leaders
- dropping the uniform to continue as military dictators in
- mufti), and now back to multi-party.
- </p>
- <p> We are, perhaps, being cynical--which comes naturally to
- Africans who have watched such events before. Still, let us
- welcome the wind of change. This, after all, is a continent of
- winds. The trick is to keep hope burning, like a candle
- protected from the wind.
- </p>
- </body>
- </article>
- </text>
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